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Swanscombe is a small town in the District of Dartford in Kent, England. It lies east of Dartford as well as north-west of Gravesend, in the civil parish of Swanscombe and Greenhithe. At the 2001 UK census, the Swanscombe selecting ward had a population of 6,418. Swanscombe was important in the early history of concrete. The very first concrete manufacturing works near Swanscombe were opened at Northfleet by James Parker, around 1792, making “Roman concrete” from concrete rock brought from the Isle of Sheppey. James Frost opened up an operate at Swanscombe in 1825, making use of chalk from Galley Hill, having actually patented a new concrete called British Cement. The Swanscombe plant was ultimately obtained by John Bazley White & Co, which became the largest component of Blue Circle Industries when it formed in 1900. It finally closed down in 1990. Between 1840 and 1930 it was the biggest concrete plant in Britain. By 1882 numerous concrete makers were operating across the north Kent area, yet the resulting dirt air pollution drove individuals of Swanscombe to take lawsuit against the local cement jobs. Regardless of various technical innovations, the problem lingered right into the 1950s, with telegraph lines over an inch thick in white dirt. Modern concrete kilns in Kent making use of smokeshafts 170 m (550 feet) in height are currently stated to be the cleanest on the planet. Nevertheless, the adjoining Medway communities are reported to be one of the most contaminated inhabited area in the UK, and the cement industry adds to acid rain in Scandinavia.